Sorry I am new at all of this still. What do you mean by this one? Isn't the intake the carb itself? What is blowback?
For the exhaust, I looked in there, on the big muffler over on the opposite side where all the exhaust gas shoots out, right? Doesn't look blocked or anything I guess.
As for primer bulb, short tube goes to carb, other tube goes into the engine or someplace. Not sure as I didn't follow it. Bulb looks like it's working as it fills with gas when running and when I push it prior to running I can hear stuff being sucked up into the carb.
A clogged muffler is unlikely. The screen is usually the first thing to get stopped up. There should be a couple of screws and a plate that fits over the exhaust hole. Being old like it is, it's possible that someone has removed it. You probably won't be able to see the screen without taking the plate off. They're sometimes tough to see if they're clogged.
I'm not sure about your model, but you may have a screw in type "tail pipe." Where it's got what looks like a nut around the mufflers hole. Either way, there should be a screen in there.
Personally I don't think that's your problem. But I'm not a guru like some of these other gents. Either way, it's something that needs to looked at. And it's a 2 minute check. Easy peasy, Japaneasy.
If the screen is clogged, you can use some brake clean or carb clean spray on it and wire brush it lightly. THE best way is how StarTech explained. Heat it with a torch til it's glowing red. Then hold it under the faucet and cool it off quickly. If it's real bad, it might take a couple of tries.