If you don't know what the word "situ" is look it up, yes the alternator is also called the stator, and you can if there is a short in the wiring tell by a meter if you know how to use one, so yes for the first time you are wrong and I don't believe for one minute it is, and yes the flywheel has to come off, but only if there is something wrong with any of the parts that are under it, or to replace itself.
If you feel that the help am trying to give isn't up to your standard's, the answer is simple........