I assume you loosened the set screws underneath? There are 1 or 2 in the pulley UNDER where the belt goes. Then there's a collar between the pulley and the spindle, and it often has a set screw in it as well. Loosen it. Hard to see, harder to get to. HOPEFULLY they'll come loose.
If they are loose, and it's still stuck (and it's not uncommon), I usually put a wooden wedge under the pulley, or two of them if you have two, drive them in and put some upward pressure on the pulley. Not enough to bend it but just enough to put some pressure on it. Now put the bolt in, without the washers. Air hammer works well to drive the bolt and spindle shaft downward and out of the spindle housing. A manual hammer will work too but it's obviously "manual".
If that doesn't work, just cut the pulley off.