If I understand correctly your mower has a manual blade engagement rather than electric. As you push the lever up it should move an idler pulley pivot on top of the deck which tensions the belt. Look under but on top of the deck area to determine if that end of the lever has become disconnected from the pivot assembly or the spring that should be attached is broken. The spring's purpose is to maintain constant belt tension.
Did this Start when you changed the belt or did it just start doing this in it's own ?
Is the lever easy or hard to push up?