The engine to CVT pulley. If you brought an after market belt it is likely the problem as MTD mowers CVT system is very picky about which belts works correctly. But is some repair instructions from the service manual.
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Note: This adjustment of tensioner idler arm linkage will not usually work if you have the incorrect belt installed. 99% of the time it is an after market belt the gives the problem. I had one that just insisting their belts that were up to an inch where correct. This why I install primarily OEM belts when it comes to MTD drive belts.
Also this is a pain to do as it is a trial and error adjustment; otherwords, you make the adjustment and test. It is not a simple as one or two full turns and we are done. Sometimes it take several attempts before you find the right position.