Yes just like putting heavier oil in a smokey engine can for a while compensate for wear thicker oil in your hydro can compensate for wear but it is a band aid measure
JD specify 10w40 in their 100 series transmissions so the one oil can be used from Alaska through to Texas .
Here is Australia their trannys start to fail from 500 hrs to 1000hrs and going up to 20w50 will usually get by for another 2 to 4 seasons.
I have even gone as far as putting Harley oil 50w75 into a pensioners mower and his is still running fine, but it takes a good 10 minutes for it to warm up & work properly.
Ultimately you will need to replace the pump/motor unit which is a NORMAL SERVCE PART .
You can not do more damage to your worn transmission by running the heavier oil
Harley shops sell a synthetic heavy oil down here so I would expect it is also available over there but because no part is too expensive for a HD it is not cheap , but cheaper than the $ 800 ( aus ) for the drop in service kit .