Backfiring is almost always a sign of a lean fuel mixture. Is the new carb adjustable? If so, richen the high speed mixture (bottom of float bowl) at WOT until it slows down and burbles, then lean it back out until it smooths out. Adjust the low speed mixture such that when dropping to idle from WOT it slows down smoothly without any popping or backfiring.
If the carb is non adjustable, and is a properly matched replacement, I would be looking at the jets to ensure the jets installed are big enough. If the replacement is a cheap knock-off from Amazon or eBay, it will undoubtedly be a funky reproduction with little to no QC. I would clean the original carb with care, and reinstall without any question.
Next, I’d ensure the magnet and coil surfaces are cleaned of any rust and re-gapped. A piece of 80-90# cardstock or a business card are excellent gapping tools for setting coil gap.